World Mennonite Membership Distribution

The now widely distributed Mennonite Church began in central Europe and Holland in the 16th century. By the early 18th century the Mennonite Church was becoming truly worldwide with the arrival of Mennonite settlers in North America. In 1700 the distribution of baptized members was probably as follows: Holland 80,000, Switzerland 500, Palatinate 500, Northwest Germany with Holstein 1,000, West Prussia and associated areas 7,500, Hungary and Slovakia 500, making a total of 90,000 in Europe, plus a small handful of 25 in the newly established Germantown settlement in Pennsylvania.

By 1850 world membership had declined 25% due exclusively to the formidable decline in Holland. The distribution of baptized members can be calculated roughly as follows: Holland 25,000, Switzerland 500, France 500, South Germany 1,000, Northwest Germany 1,500, West Prussia etc. 7,500, South Russia 10,000, Eastern United States 20,000, Ontario 1,500; total 67,500.

Fifty years later, by 1900, the total Mennonite Membership more than doubled to 150,000 with the strong expansion in Russia to 40,000, the United States to 50,000, and Canada to 25,000, though the rest of Europe remained largely static. By this time the North American continent had become the home of half of the Mennonite population.

In 1925 Christian Hege provided the numbers of baptized members and their children for the first Mennonite World Conference, and in 1943, the Warte Jahrbuch published similar numbers¹:

Country	1925	1943
Netherlands	68,000	70,000
Germany and Danzig	19,000	15,000
Poland	2,300	2,000
Russia	111,500	80,000
Switzerland	1,500	2,000
France	3,000	4,000
Austria		1,000
United States	250,000	175,000
Canada	50,000	111,000
Mexico	3,000	10,000
Paraguay		6,000
Brazil		2,000
Mission Fields	8,000	1,000
Total	516,300	479,000

¹Cornelius Krahn has noted that the 1925 estimate for the United States seems rather high. He also notes that the 1943 number for Canada is based on the 1941 Canadian census figure of 111,376 Mennonites.

By 1958 Mennonite migration had expanded into the South and Central American countries of Mexico, Paraguay, Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, and Honduras (total 25,000 members). By missionary outreach it expanded into three continents: Asia, including Java (Indonesia) in 1851, India in 1899, China in 1905, and Japan (Taiwan and Vietnam later) in 1949; Africa beginning with Belgian Congo in 1910 (Dem. Rep. Congo), and Tanganyika (Tanzania) in 1934; and South America with missionaries to Argentina in 1917, and to Colombia in 1945. In 1958 the total membership in these younger churches was 65,000, distributed by continents as follows: Africa 28,000, Asia 36,000, and South America 1,000. Meanwhile the Mennonite Church had been wiped out in West Prussia in 1945, and decimated in Russia 1917-1930 and 1940-1955, but had grown substantially again in Holland, and very substantially in North America by emigration from Russia (1922-1930, 1947-1950), in addition to the natural growth. The total world membership had again more than doubled in the base countries, in 1958 reaching 325,000, and together with the young churches in Asia and Africa had approached 400,000, of which total half was in the United States-Canada block.

The following world membership distribution between 1948 and 2025 by continents and countries represents the best available information concerning Mennonite, Brethren in Christ, and Church of the Brethren churches that are members or associate members of Mennonite World Conference. Some numbers are estimates.

Year	1948	1958	1978	1984	1990	1997	2000	2003	2006	2009	2012	2015	2021	2024
World Mennonite Membership	262,1872	390,587	613,350	728,746	856,407	1,060,143	1,206,995	1,297,721	1,478,275	1,614,726	1,774,720	2,115,195	2,126,786	2,059,698
Africa		27,809	85,871	107,267	176,462	322,708	405,979	451,959	529,438	592,106	679,053	736,801	804,506	957,237
Angola				192	1,250	2,600	17,698	11,176	10,961	10,920	18,854	33,606	33,326	38,696
Benin												56	73	91
Botswana									61	97	177	211	273	354
Burkina Faso				13	57	80	180	230	500	315	420	585	927	915
Burundi												894	894	896
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		26,000	59,548	66,408	112,906	175,837	183,040	194,119	216,268	220,444	235,202	235,852	200,608	196,854
Congo, Rep. of									16	23	598	622	612	612
Eritrea										400	400	400	400	400
Ethiopia		150	5,000	7,200	10,000	57,011	73,219	98,025	130,731	172,306	224,407	255,493	370,949	514,691
Ghana		27	607	854	1,200	3,022	3,537	4,101	4,820	5,014	5,109	5,213	3,921	4,152
Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)							1,125	1,300	1,300	1,100	1,100	1,100	1,100	1,100
Kenya			1,200	2,700	4,900	11,646	27,668	31,556	28,392	33,561	34,566	37,172	35,356	36,227
Malawi					420	229	1,540	3,500	6,763	4,186	4,185	5,744	15,919	22,780
Mozambique								718	2,035	5,835	7,514	7,843	13,622	13,625
Namibia								180	630	630	300	300	300	300
Nigeria			3,333	5,000	6,873	7,268	9,454	11,373	20,821	19,167	19,173	19,603	8,456	8,303
Senegal, Gambia, Guinea Bissau									39	45	55	110	110	110
Sierra Leone														843
Somalia			100	100
South Africa					107	283	383	950	1,258	1,791	1,675	2,033	2,633	2,416
Tanzania		1,632	10,045	13,616	20,078	32,100	50,000	50,000	50,560	64,534	64,534	65,456	42,616	46,434
Togo							76	144	204	204	204	72	95	94
Uganda										109	188	380	848	2,361
Zambia			2,455	6,000	6,632	12,026	13,350	15,374	20,626	14,721	17,946	18,772	18,978	13,986
Zimbabwe			3,583	5,184	12,039	20,606	24,709	29,213	33,453	36,704	42,446	45,284	52,490	50,997
	1948	1958	1978	1984	1990	1997	2000	2003	2006	2009	2012	2015	2021	2024
Asia, Pacific and Australia	2,112	36,013	74,257	113,566	147,543	157,075	184,049	208,155	241,420	265,447	315,645	431,313	442,245	253,955
Australia			500	12	33	45	48	50	57	285	320	334	359	356
Bangladesh												14	22	12
Cambodia												200	210	210
China / Hong Kong		4,0003		35	59	90	90	90	141	193	224	217	101	99
China / Macau											21	30	32	32
India		28,086	35,040	44,048	76,670	87,466	90,006	127,348	146,095	156,922	149,849	256,611	254,733	136,916
Indonesia	2,112	3,343	34,700	62,911	65,660	62,823	87,802	71,302	72,624	88,458	108,528	111,372	107,876	96,086
Japan		494	1,955	2,710	2,962	3,450	2,874	3,292	2,898	2,967	2,985	2,802	2,534	2,382
Kazakhstan									300	300	300	300
Kyrgyzstan									200	200	200	200	200	200
Myanmar										1,012	1,612	1,993	1,986	2,238
Nepal								750	594	789	912	1,029	1,221	1,276
Philippines			1,005	2,500	666	1,576	2,060	2,437	3,735	3,799	1,036	1,381	1,676	2,303
Singapore						16	20	48	80	80	60	78	78	78
South Korea								60	45	45	60	102	88	88
Taiwan		90	907	1,200	1,493	1,494	1,028	1,678	1,658	1,717	1,879	1,782	1,230	1,230
Thailand									111	658		42,368	64,299	2,949
Vietnam			150	150		115	121	1,100	12,882	8,022	12,700	10,500	5,600	7,500
	1948	1958	1978	1984	1990	1997	2000	2003	2006	2009	2012	2015	2021	2024
Europe	71,079	95,854	96,011	92,693	68,536	61,886	60,921	53,272	52,222	64,740	64,575	64,610	67,373	67,421
Albania												30	120	15
Austria		12	182	1,050	300	360	385	300	416	424	368	369	402	404
Belgium		24	100	85	40	39	15	35	48	35	35	35	35	35
France	2,200	2,700	2,300	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,046	2,050	2,100	2,100	2,100	2,078	2,170	2,170
Germany	12,900	12,078	10,068	11,369	18,516	39,610	39,779	31,677	32,776	46,067	46,757	47,202	51,771	53,871
German Refugees in Denmark	700
Great Britain				30	27	88	103	112	232	291	289	326	477	481
Ireland				10	10	10	15	15	22	25	25	25	33	33
Italy		90	46	66	129	189	228	258	258	250	250	200	175	124
Lithuania										200	200	203	230	230
Luxembourg	42	50	100	105	100	100	110	110	110
Moldova										10	10
Netherlands	44,500	39,000	25,589	20,200	18,000	13,500	12,203	11,000	10,200	9,025	8,030	7,680	5,569	4,030
Poland	215										10
Portugal						20	35	55	100	150	150	170	105	70
Romania									53	74	63	67	71	75
Russia (CIS)		40,000	55,000	55,000	26,200	3,350	3,350	5,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000
Russian Refugees in Europe	8,822
Spain				28	214	120	152	160	153	308	379	376	663	663
Switzerland	1,700	1,900	2,626	2,750	3,000	2,500	2,500	2,500	2,500	2,500	2,500	2,350	2,032	1,860
Ukraine									254	281	409	499	520	395
	1948	1958	1978	1984	1990	1997	2000	2003	2006	2009	2012	2015	2021	2024
Latin America and the Caribbean	8,360	18,479	44,211	75,229	83,366	102,496	112,128	133,155	155,531	168,464	186,339	199,912	201,010	196,493
Antigua & Barbados4					725	725	725
Argentina		738	1,230	1,516	2,100	3,070	3,632	4,448	4,448	5,522	4,678	4,974	4,426	4,436
Bahamas									40	34	27	25	34	41
Belize			1,522	1,660	1,592	3,131	3,318	3,575	4,001	4,129	4,817	5,405	5,023	5,066
Bolivia		12	8,000	6,203	6,763	6,714	13,175	13,275	15,417	18,848	24,988	26,661	26,741	26,161
Brazil	604	1,632	3,462	4,785	6,209	6,690	7,636	8,262	9,856	11,058	12,873	14,748	15,577	15,051
Chile				390							1,200	1,452	1,452	350
Colombia		300	1,325	2,633	1,800	2,515	3,110	2,910	2,965	3,031	2,825	3,644	3,214	3,034
Costa Rica			303	850	1,218	2,025	2,094	2,719	2,831	1,784	1,978	3,869	4,974	5,252
Cuba		13			45	70	350	2,070	3,279	3,373	6,361	8,664	5,209	5,171
Dominican Republic			975	1,800	2,600	2,902	3,106	4,626	4,587	5,682	6,164	5,780	6,674	4,210
Ecuador				15	140	325	700	810	950	1,050	1,270	1,340	796	867
El Salvador				75	257	462	438	535	588	620	713	909	940	934
Grenada										46	45	8	8	10
Guatemala			320	1,789	4,295	5,972	6,250	6,673	6,966	14,301	14,869	9,496	10,317	10,250
Guyana						300	300
Haiti				900	914	924	1,606	1,265	3,827	3,382	4,617	5,566	5,496	5,286
Honduras		50	750	2,850	8,020	10,245	10,546	20,716	21,771	17,789	18,008	21,175	21,722	21,711
Jamaica		64	300	385	422	557	660	731	638	686	674	733	712	709
Mexico	5,353	7,348	13,800	31,161	19,626	20,689	16,417	19,688	25,958	29,277	32,036	33,881	34,061	34,053
Nicaragua			290	1,732	3,917	6,600	7,150	9,275	13,421	11,342	10,401	11,501	11,000	11,040
Panama			700	400	700	700	1,000	750	750	537	750	820	320	320
Paraguay	2,403	6,189	9,700	14,076	19,898	25,009	26,948	27,693	29,461	32,217	33,251	34,579	38,472	38,608
Peru					150	444	550	540	937	986	907	1,524	1,404	1,563
Puerto Rico		365	765	909	868	752	639	540	546	520	604	798	537	537
Trinidad and Tobago				44	110	160	155	130	138	270	280	300	150	90
Uruguay		1,768	769	971	877	924	1,004	1,220	1,431	1,442	1,457	1,464	1,361	1,353
Venezuela				85	120	591	619	704	725	538	546	596	390	390
	1948	1958	1978	1984	1990	1997	2000	2003	2006	2009	2012	2015	2021	2024
North America	160,636	212,432	313,000	339,991	380,500	415,978	443,918	451,180	499,664	523,969	529,108	682,559	611,652	584,592
Canada	46,972	52,987	88,500	101,197	114,400	128,633	124,150	127,851	131,384	136,866	137,208	143,720	131,508	126,174
United States	113,664	159,445	224,500	238,794	266,100	287,345	319,768	323,329	368,280	387,103	391,900	538,839	480,144	458,418

²The numbers for 1948 do not include any members in Africa, where Mennonite missions work existed in several countries including Congo and Tanzania. The numbers also do not include any members in China, India, and Russia.

³The number for China and Hong Kong in 1958 is an estimate, and is probably an accurate estimate for 1948.

⁴Between 1990 and 2000 the number for Antigua and Barbados includes Barbados, Barbuda, Dominica, French St. Martin, Grenada, Guyana, St. Vincent, and the US Virgin Islands.

Bibliography

Krahn, Cornelius. "Mennonites - Numerically Speaking." In Mennonite World Conference 1948: Souvenir. N. p.: n. p., [1948?]: 22-24.

Lichdi, Diether Götz and Loretta Kreider, eds. Mennonite World Handbook: Mennonites in Global Witness. Carol Stream, IL: Mennonite World Conference, 1990: 326-327.

Mennonite World Conference. "Membership, Map and Statistics. 2024 Web. 4 September 2025. https://mwc-cmm.org/en/membership-map-and-statistics/

Mennonite World Conference. "World Directory." 2010. Web. 2 April 2010. http://www.mwc-cmm.org/en15/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=13&Itemid=16.

Mennonite and Brethren in Christ World Directory 1998. Strasbourg: Mennonite World Conference, 1998.

Mennonite Yearbook and Directory (1959).

World Directory: Mennonite, Brethren in Christ and Related Churches 2012 = Directorio mundial: Iglesias Menonitas, de los Hermanos en Cristo y afines 2012 = Répertoire mondial: Églises Mennonites, Frères en Christ et Apparentées. N.p.: Mennonite World Conference, 2012.

Additional Information

For the most recent statistics see the Mennonite World Conference site.

Author(s)	Harold S. Bender
	Samuel J. Steiner
	Richard D. Thiessen
Date Published	September 2025

Cite This Article

MLA style

Bender, Harold S., Samuel J. Steiner and Richard D. Thiessen. "World Mennonite Membership Distribution." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. September 2025. Web. 1 Feb 2026. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=World_Mennonite_Membership_Distribution&oldid=181178.

APA style

Bender, Harold S., Samuel J. Steiner and Richard D. Thiessen. (September 2025). World Mennonite Membership Distribution. Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 1 February 2026, from https://gameo.org/index.php?title=World_Mennonite_Membership_Distribution&oldid=181178.

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Adapted by permission of Herald Press, Harrisonburg, Virginia, from Mennonite Encyclopedia, Vol. 4, pp. 980-981. All rights reserved.

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