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| − | Bocholt, a town in [[Westphalia (Germany)|Westphalia]] (about four miles (6.5 km) from [[Wesel (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany)|Wesel]] and [[Emmerich am Rhein (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany)|Emmerich]]), where in August 1536 a meeting of several extremist [[Anabaptism|Anabaptist]] groups was held for the purpose of unification. It was attended by [[Melchiorites|Melchiorites]] and [[Batenburg, Jan van (1495-1538)|Batenburgers]]; the [[Münster Anabaptists|Münsterite]] remnant was also represented. The expenses of the conference were defrayed by an Englishman named Henry, who was incidentally not identical with [[Niclaes, Hendrik (1502-1580)|Heinrich Niclaes]], as [[Krohn, Barthold Nikolaus (1722-1795)|Krohn]] supposes. Among the leaders there were from [[Friesland (Netherlands)|Friesland]] [[Matthijs van Balk (16th century)|Matthias of Balk]], [[Tjaert Renicx (d. 1539)|Tiardus of Sneek]], and [[Sieswerdus Klerick (16th century)|Sieswerdus Klerik]], a former teacher; from [[Gelderland (Netherlands)|Gelderland]] [[Jan van Gulik (16th century)|Jan van Gulik]], [[Christoffel van Zutphen (16th century)|Christoffel]] and [[Hendrick Kistemaecker (16th century)|Heinrick]] of [[Zutphen (Gelderland, Netherlands)|Zutphen]]; from England, [[Jan Matthysz van Middelburg (d. 1538)|Jan Matthysz of Middelburg]] and [[Jan van Schoonhoven (16th century)|Johan]] of [[Utrecht (Utrecht, Netherlands)|Utrecht]]; and from Holland (province) [[Johann von Maastricht (16th century)|Johann]] of [[Maastricht (Limburg, Netherlands)|Maastricht]] and [[Jan van Schoonhoven (16th century)|Johan of Schoonhoven]]. Several later fell into the hands of persecutors and were executed: Tiardus was beheaded in [[Leeuwarden (Friesland, Netherlands)|Leeuwarden]], Jan Matthysz was burned at the stake in [[London (England, Great Britain)|London]], and Johan of Utrecht in Holland. [[Batenburg, Jan van (1495-1538)|Batenburg]] remained absent, probably to escape a condemnation of his doctrine ([[Nippold, Friedrich (1838-1918)|Nippold]], <em>David Joris I</em>, 53). Strasbourg was not represented. [[David Joris (ca. 1501-1556)|David Joris]]managed at least apparently to bring about a temporary agreement on the disputed points, but on two main points the differences remained. | + | Bocholt, a town in [[Westphalia (Germany)|Westphalia]] (about four miles (6.5 km) from [[Wesel (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany)|Wesel]] and [[Emmerich am Rhein (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany)|Emmerich]]), where in August 1536 a meeting of several extremist [[Anabaptism|Anabaptist]] groups was held for the purpose of unification. It was attended by [[Melchiorites|Melchiorites]] and [[Batenburg, Jan van (1495-1538)|Batenburgers]]; the [[Münster Anabaptists|Münsterite]] remnant was also represented. The expenses of the conference were defrayed by an Englishman named Henry, who was incidentally not identical with [[Niclaes, Hendrik (1502-1580)|Heinrich Niclaes]], as [[Krohn, Barthold Nikolaus (1722-1795)|Krohn]] supposes. Among the leaders there were from [[Friesland (Netherlands)|Friesland]] [[Matthijs van Balk (16th century)|Matthias of Balk]], [[Tjaert Renicx (d. 1539)|Tiardus of Sneek]], and [[Sieswerdus Klerick (16th century)|Sieswerdus Klerik]], a former teacher; from [[Gelderland (Netherlands)|Gelderland]] [[Jan van Gulik (16th century)|Jan van Gulik]], [[Christoffel van Zutphen (16th century)|Christoffel]] and [[Hendrick Kistemaecker (16th century)|Heinrick]] of [[Zutphen (Gelderland, Netherlands)|Zutphen]]; from England, [[Jan Matthysz van Middelburg (d. 1538)|Jan Matthysz of Middelburg]] and [[Jan van Schoonhoven (16th century)|Johan]] of [[Utrecht (Utrecht, Netherlands)|Utrecht]]; and from Holland (province) [[Johann von Maastricht (16th century)|Johann]] of [[Maastricht (Limburg, Netherlands)|Maastricht]] and [[Jan van Schoonhoven (16th century)|Johan of Schoonhoven]]. Several later fell into the hands of persecutors and were executed: Tiardus was beheaded in [[Leeuwarden (Friesland, Netherlands)|Leeuwarden]], Jan Matthysz was burned at the stake in [[London (England, Great Britain)|London]], and Johan of Utrecht in Holland. [[Batenburg, Jan van (1495-1538)|Batenburg]] remained absent, probably to escape a condemnation of his doctrine ([[Nippold, Friedrich (1838-1918)|Nippold]], <em>David Joris I</em>, 53). Strasbourg was not represented. [[David Joris (ca. 1501-1556)|David Joris ]]managed at least apparently to bring about a temporary agreement on the disputed points, but on two main points the differences remained. |
The resulting compromise was in substance as follows: Since the assembled parties were unified in most and the most important of the doctrines, and the dispute concerned only two chief points of issue, violent and bitter strife should be avoided. They should beseech God to grant light and show the way to unity. It was agreed that they should refrain from retaliation for insults, from legal force, from arbitrary physical and corporal punishment, and from plundering churches; they condemned all acts of this kind. And finally, adult baptism, which had been done away with by the Batenburgers, should again be administered to those whose piety was proved. After the meeting of elders at Bocholt in 1536 some Anabaptists were found here; some Anabaptists were arrested here in 1548. From their trials it is clear that they rejected the Münsterite teachings and principles; their preachers and elders were [[Leenhart Munsels (16th century)|Leenhart Munsels]], [[Adam Pastor (d. 1560/70)|Adam Pastor]], and [[Hinrich Ebbinck (16th century)|Hinrich Ebbinck]]. Later on there must have been a Mennonite congregation at Bocholt, to which refugees both from [[England|England]] and the [[Netherlands|Netherlands]] had fled. Many Protestants too found shelter in Bocholt, for this town, in contrast with most Westphalian towns, which were entirely or at least predominantly [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]], was a Protestant town and the Mennonites were tolerated by the city government. | The resulting compromise was in substance as follows: Since the assembled parties were unified in most and the most important of the doctrines, and the dispute concerned only two chief points of issue, violent and bitter strife should be avoided. They should beseech God to grant light and show the way to unity. It was agreed that they should refrain from retaliation for insults, from legal force, from arbitrary physical and corporal punishment, and from plundering churches; they condemned all acts of this kind. And finally, adult baptism, which had been done away with by the Batenburgers, should again be administered to those whose piety was proved. After the meeting of elders at Bocholt in 1536 some Anabaptists were found here; some Anabaptists were arrested here in 1548. From their trials it is clear that they rejected the Münsterite teachings and principles; their preachers and elders were [[Leenhart Munsels (16th century)|Leenhart Munsels]], [[Adam Pastor (d. 1560/70)|Adam Pastor]], and [[Hinrich Ebbinck (16th century)|Hinrich Ebbinck]]. Later on there must have been a Mennonite congregation at Bocholt, to which refugees both from [[England|England]] and the [[Netherlands|Netherlands]] had fled. Many Protestants too found shelter in Bocholt, for this town, in contrast with most Westphalian towns, which were entirely or at least predominantly [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]], was a Protestant town and the Mennonites were tolerated by the city government. | ||
In 1598 there were 26 Anabaptists in the town. But about 1608 by order of the ruler, the Bishop of Münster, all Mennonites (18 families) had to leave the town. A number of these families settled at [[Winterswijk (Gelderland, Netherlands)|Winterswijk]] in the Netherlands, where they founded a Mennonite congregation. | In 1598 there were 26 Anabaptists in the town. But about 1608 by order of the ruler, the Bishop of Münster, all Mennonites (18 families) had to leave the town. A number of these families settled at [[Winterswijk (Gelderland, Netherlands)|Winterswijk]] in the Netherlands, where they founded a Mennonite congregation. | ||
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= Bibliography = | = Bibliography = | ||
<em>Doopsgezinde Bijdragen</em> (1909): 105-106. | <em>Doopsgezinde Bijdragen</em> (1909): 105-106. | ||
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Fleischer, Frederick C. <em>De doopsgezinde gemeente te Winterswijk: gedenkschrift ter gelegenheid van het tweehonderdjarig bestaan van haar kerkgebouw opgesteld</em>. Winterswijk: G. Hartog, 1911: 7-9. | Fleischer, Frederick C. <em>De doopsgezinde gemeente te Winterswijk: gedenkschrift ter gelegenheid van het tweehonderdjarig bestaan van haar kerkgebouw opgesteld</em>. Winterswijk: G. Hartog, 1911: 7-9. | ||
| − | Hege, Christian and Christian Neff. | + | Hege, Christian and Christian Neff. ''Mennonitisches Lexikon'', 4 vols. Frankfurt & Weierhof: Hege; Karlsruhe: Schneider, 1913-1967: v. I, 239. |
Keller, Ludwig. <em>Die Gegenreformation in Westfalen und am Niederrhein : Actenstücke und Erläuterungen.</em> Leipzig : S. Hirzel, 1881-1895. | Keller, Ludwig. <em>Die Gegenreformation in Westfalen und am Niederrhein : Actenstücke und Erläuterungen.</em> Leipzig : S. Hirzel, 1881-1895. | ||
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Nippold, F. "David Joris von Delft." <em>Zeitschrift für historische Theologie</em> (1863-1864). | Nippold, F. "David Joris von Delft." <em>Zeitschrift für historische Theologie</em> (1863-1864). | ||
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= Maps = | = Maps = | ||
[[Map:Bocholt (Nordrhein-Westfalen)|Map:Bocholt (Nordrhein-Westfalen)]] | [[Map:Bocholt (Nordrhein-Westfalen)|Map:Bocholt (Nordrhein-Westfalen)]] | ||
{{GAMEO_footer|hp=Vol. 1, pp. 376-377|date=1953|a1_last=Hege|a1_first=Christian|a2_last=van der Zijpp|a2_first=Nanne}} | {{GAMEO_footer|hp=Vol. 1, pp. 376-377|date=1953|a1_last=Hege|a1_first=Christian|a2_last=van der Zijpp|a2_first=Nanne}} | ||
Latest revision as of 00:02, 16 January 2017
Bocholt, a town in Westphalia (about four miles (6.5 km) from Wesel and Emmerich), where in August 1536 a meeting of several extremist Anabaptist groups was held for the purpose of unification. It was attended by Melchiorites and Batenburgers; the Münsterite remnant was also represented. The expenses of the conference were defrayed by an Englishman named Henry, who was incidentally not identical with Heinrich Niclaes, as Krohn supposes. Among the leaders there were from Friesland Matthias of Balk, Tiardus of Sneek, and Sieswerdus Klerik, a former teacher; from Gelderland Jan van Gulik, Christoffel and Heinrick of Zutphen; from England, Jan Matthysz of Middelburg and Johan of Utrecht; and from Holland (province) Johann of Maastricht and Johan of Schoonhoven. Several later fell into the hands of persecutors and were executed: Tiardus was beheaded in Leeuwarden, Jan Matthysz was burned at the stake in London, and Johan of Utrecht in Holland. Batenburg remained absent, probably to escape a condemnation of his doctrine (Nippold, David Joris I, 53). Strasbourg was not represented. David Joris managed at least apparently to bring about a temporary agreement on the disputed points, but on two main points the differences remained.
The resulting compromise was in substance as follows: Since the assembled parties were unified in most and the most important of the doctrines, and the dispute concerned only two chief points of issue, violent and bitter strife should be avoided. They should beseech God to grant light and show the way to unity. It was agreed that they should refrain from retaliation for insults, from legal force, from arbitrary physical and corporal punishment, and from plundering churches; they condemned all acts of this kind. And finally, adult baptism, which had been done away with by the Batenburgers, should again be administered to those whose piety was proved. After the meeting of elders at Bocholt in 1536 some Anabaptists were found here; some Anabaptists were arrested here in 1548. From their trials it is clear that they rejected the Münsterite teachings and principles; their preachers and elders were Leenhart Munsels, Adam Pastor, and Hinrich Ebbinck. Later on there must have been a Mennonite congregation at Bocholt, to which refugees both from England and the Netherlands had fled. Many Protestants too found shelter in Bocholt, for this town, in contrast with most Westphalian towns, which were entirely or at least predominantly Roman Catholic, was a Protestant town and the Mennonites were tolerated by the city government.
In 1598 there were 26 Anabaptists in the town. But about 1608 by order of the ruler, the Bishop of Münster, all Mennonites (18 families) had to leave the town. A number of these families settled at Winterswijk in the Netherlands, where they founded a Mennonite congregation.
Bibliography
Doopsgezinde Bijdragen (1909): 105-106.
Fleischer, Frederick C. De doopsgezinde gemeente te Winterswijk: gedenkschrift ter gelegenheid van het tweehonderdjarig bestaan van haar kerkgebouw opgesteld. Winterswijk: G. Hartog, 1911: 7-9.
Hege, Christian and Christian Neff. Mennonitisches Lexikon, 4 vols. Frankfurt & Weierhof: Hege; Karlsruhe: Schneider, 1913-1967: v. I, 239.
Keller, Ludwig. Die Gegenreformation in Westfalen und am Niederrhein : Actenstücke und Erläuterungen. Leipzig : S. Hirzel, 1881-1895.
Krohn, Barthold Nicolaus. Geschichte der fanatischen und enthusiastischen Wiedertäufer vornehmlich in Niederdeutschland: Melchior Hofmann und die Secte der Hofmannianer. Leipzig : bey Bernhard Christoph Breitkopf, 1758.
Nippold, F. "David Joris von Delft." Zeitschrift für historische Theologie (1863-1864).
Maps
Map:Bocholt (Nordrhein-Westfalen)
| Author(s) | Christian Hege |
|---|---|
| Nanne van der Zijpp | |
| Date Published | 1953 |
Cite This Article
MLA style
Hege, Christian and Nanne van der Zijpp. "Bocholt (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1953. Web. 22 Nov 2024. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Bocholt_(Nordrhein-Westfalen,_Germany)&oldid=144850.
APA style
Hege, Christian and Nanne van der Zijpp. (1953). Bocholt (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany). Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 22 November 2024, from https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Bocholt_(Nordrhein-Westfalen,_Germany)&oldid=144850.
Adapted by permission of Herald Press, Harrisonburg, Virginia, from Mennonite Encyclopedia, Vol. 1, pp. 376-377. All rights reserved.
©1996-2024 by the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. All rights reserved.