Difference between revisions of "Anwohner"

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<em>Anwohner </em>was the German name commonly used for the [[Landless (Landlose)|landless Mennonites]] of South [[Russia|Russia]]<strong> </strong>who settled in little shacks on the outskirts of prosperous villages eking out a meager living. The literal meaning of the word is "living adjacent" and it implied the same as "across the tracks." The problem of this Mennonite proletariat arose for the following reasons: families were usually large, government regulations prohibited the subdivision of standard farms, surplus land was either not available or had already been distributed, and additional industries had not been sufficiently developed to absorb this labor. By 1860 nearly two-thirds of the [[Molotschna Mennonite Settlement (Zaporizhia Oblast, Ukraine)|Molotschna]] families were landless or <em>Anwohner. </em>They were forced to become artisans, or farm hands, with a few acres of land for gardens, and had no voice in the conduct of secular government. The problem of the landless was gradually solved by making all surplus land available to them, by dividing farms, by establishing a [[Mutual Aid|mutual aid]] system through which daughter settlements were established, and the development of industries. Nevertheless, most of the settlements continued to have a surplus population living as <em>Anwohner. </em>The [[Alexanderwohl (Molotschna Mennonite Settlement, Zaporizhia Oblast, Ukraine)|Alexanderwohl]] village may be typical. In 1874 40% of the population were landless. At that time the pressure was relieved by a large migration to [[North America|North America]].
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<em>Anwohner </em>was the German name commonly used for the [[Landless (Landlose)|landless Mennonites]] of South [[Russia|Russia]] who settled in little shacks on the outskirts of prosperous villages eking out a meager living. The literal meaning of the word is "living adjacent" and it implied the same as "across the tracks." The problem of this Mennonite proletariat arose for the following reasons: families were usually large, government regulations prohibited the subdivision of standard farms, surplus land was either not available or had already been distributed, and additional industries had not been sufficiently developed to absorb this labor. By 1860 nearly two-thirds of the [[Molotschna Mennonite Settlement (Zaporizhia Oblast, Ukraine)|Molotschna]] families were landless or <em>Anwohner. </em>They were forced to become artisans, or farm hands, with a few acres of land for gardens, and had no voice in the conduct of secular government. The problem of the landless was gradually solved by making all surplus land available to them, by dividing farms, by establishing a [[Mutual Aid|mutual aid]] system through which daughter settlements were established, and the development of industries. Nevertheless, most of the settlements continued to have a surplus population living as <em>Anwohner. </em>The [[Alexanderwohl (Molotschna Mennonite Settlement, Zaporizhia Oblast, Ukraine)|Alexanderwohl]] village may be typical. In 1874 40% of the population were landless. At that time the pressure was relieved by a large migration to [[North America|North America]].
  
 
See also [[Agriculture among the Mennonites of Russia|Agriculture among the Mennonites of Russia]] and [[Industry Among Mennonites in Russia (and Prussia)|Industry]]
 
See also [[Agriculture among the Mennonites of Russia|Agriculture among the Mennonites of Russia]] and [[Industry Among Mennonites in Russia (and Prussia)|Industry]]
 
{{GAMEO_footer|hp=Vol. 1, pp. 135-136|date=1953|a1_last=Krahn|a1_first=Cornelius|a2_last= |a2_first= }}
 
{{GAMEO_footer|hp=Vol. 1, pp. 135-136|date=1953|a1_last=Krahn|a1_first=Cornelius|a2_last= |a2_first= }}

Latest revision as of 03:08, 13 April 2014

Anwohner was the German name commonly used for the landless Mennonites of South Russia who settled in little shacks on the outskirts of prosperous villages eking out a meager living. The literal meaning of the word is "living adjacent" and it implied the same as "across the tracks." The problem of this Mennonite proletariat arose for the following reasons: families were usually large, government regulations prohibited the subdivision of standard farms, surplus land was either not available or had already been distributed, and additional industries had not been sufficiently developed to absorb this labor. By 1860 nearly two-thirds of the Molotschna families were landless or Anwohner. They were forced to become artisans, or farm hands, with a few acres of land for gardens, and had no voice in the conduct of secular government. The problem of the landless was gradually solved by making all surplus land available to them, by dividing farms, by establishing a mutual aid system through which daughter settlements were established, and the development of industries. Nevertheless, most of the settlements continued to have a surplus population living as Anwohner. The Alexanderwohl village may be typical. In 1874 40% of the population were landless. At that time the pressure was relieved by a large migration to North America.

See also Agriculture among the Mennonites of Russia and Industry


Author(s) Cornelius Krahn
Date Published 1953

Cite This Article

MLA style

Krahn, Cornelius. "Anwohner." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1953. Web. 24 Nov 2024. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Anwohner&oldid=120049.

APA style

Krahn, Cornelius. (1953). Anwohner. Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 24 November 2024, from https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Anwohner&oldid=120049.



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Adapted by permission of Herald Press, Harrisonburg, Virginia, from Mennonite Encyclopedia, Vol. 1, pp. 135-136. All rights reserved.


©1996-2024 by the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. All rights reserved.

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