Difference between revisions of "Aichele, Berthold (16th century)"
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| − | Berthold Aichele (or Aichelin) was<strong> </strong>imperial provost and provost of the [[Swabian League|Swabian League]] | + | Berthold Aichele (or Aichelin) was<strong> </strong>imperial provost and provost of the [[Swabian League|Swabian League]], who in 1528-1531 executed many [[Anabaptism|Anabaptists]] in [[Württemberg (Germany)|Württemberg]] and [[Tyrol (Austria)|Tyrol]] at the command of [[Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (1503-1564)|Ferdinand]], archduke of [[Austria|Austria]]. One of his notorious deeds was the attack on [[Mantelhof (Baden-Württemberg, Germany)|Mantelhof]] near [[Aalen (Baden-Württemberg, Germany)|Aalen]], where on Christmas 1531 he captured the peasant owner and his son and had both hanged on a linden tree in [[Essingen (Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany)|Essingen]], while he set fire to the buildings, killing all the others who remained true to their faith—seventeen in all. (According to Friedrich Roth, Aichele was no longer in the employ of the Swabian League in 1531, for in March 1530 he was already serving the <em>Truchsess </em>Georg von Waldburg.) The steadfastness of the Anabaptists in execution, particularly that of the Anabaptist missionary [[Griesinger, Onophrius (d. 1538)|Offrus Griesinger]] in Tyrol in 1538, instilled fear into him, so that after Griesinger's death he vowed never again to execute an Anabaptist (Beck, 140). He was the chief agent of the Catholic authorities in suppressing Protestantism as well as Anabaptism and boasted of having hanged forty Protestant pastors and over 1,200 revolutionaries and heretics (Anabaptists). The report in <em>Blätter für württembergische Kirchengeschichte </em>(1892) that he was murdered in the spring of 1534 must be incorrect, since the Hutterite chronicles expressly state that he was present at the execution of Griesinger in 1538. He is the chief character of the historical novel <em>Der Reichsprofos </em>(Heilbronn, 1904) by Pastor Stehle of Heilbronn (pseudonym, Philipp Spiesz). |
= Bibliography = | = Bibliography = | ||
Beck, Josef, ed. <em>Die Geschichts-Bücher der Wiedertäufer in Oesterreich-Ungarn, betreffend deren Schicksale in der Schweiz, Salzburg, Ober- und Nieder-Oesterreich, Mähren, Tirol, Böhmen, Süd-Deutschland, Ungarn, Siebenbürgen, und Süd-Russland in der Zeit von 1526 bis 1785</em>. Vienna:Carl Gerold's Sohn, 1883: 27, 140. | Beck, Josef, ed. <em>Die Geschichts-Bücher der Wiedertäufer in Oesterreich-Ungarn, betreffend deren Schicksale in der Schweiz, Salzburg, Ober- und Nieder-Oesterreich, Mähren, Tirol, Böhmen, Süd-Deutschland, Ungarn, Siebenbürgen, und Süd-Russland in der Zeit von 1526 bis 1785</em>. Vienna:Carl Gerold's Sohn, 1883: 27, 140. | ||
Revision as of 05:44, 12 April 2014
Berthold Aichele (or Aichelin) was imperial provost and provost of the Swabian League, who in 1528-1531 executed many Anabaptists in Württemberg and Tyrol at the command of Ferdinand, archduke of Austria. One of his notorious deeds was the attack on Mantelhof near Aalen, where on Christmas 1531 he captured the peasant owner and his son and had both hanged on a linden tree in Essingen, while he set fire to the buildings, killing all the others who remained true to their faith—seventeen in all. (According to Friedrich Roth, Aichele was no longer in the employ of the Swabian League in 1531, for in March 1530 he was already serving the Truchsess Georg von Waldburg.) The steadfastness of the Anabaptists in execution, particularly that of the Anabaptist missionary Offrus Griesinger in Tyrol in 1538, instilled fear into him, so that after Griesinger's death he vowed never again to execute an Anabaptist (Beck, 140). He was the chief agent of the Catholic authorities in suppressing Protestantism as well as Anabaptism and boasted of having hanged forty Protestant pastors and over 1,200 revolutionaries and heretics (Anabaptists). The report in Blätter für württembergische Kirchengeschichte (1892) that he was murdered in the spring of 1534 must be incorrect, since the Hutterite chronicles expressly state that he was present at the execution of Griesinger in 1538. He is the chief character of the historical novel Der Reichsprofos (Heilbronn, 1904) by Pastor Stehle of Heilbronn (pseudonym, Philipp Spiesz).
Bibliography
Beck, Josef, ed. Die Geschichts-Bücher der Wiedertäufer in Oesterreich-Ungarn, betreffend deren Schicksale in der Schweiz, Salzburg, Ober- und Nieder-Oesterreich, Mähren, Tirol, Böhmen, Süd-Deutschland, Ungarn, Siebenbürgen, und Süd-Russland in der Zeit von 1526 bis 1785. Vienna:Carl Gerold's Sohn, 1883: 27, 140.
Blätter für württembergische Kirchengeschichte (1892): 5; (1897): 22, 35.
Hege, Christian and Christian Neff. Mennonitisches Lexikon, 4 vols. Frankfurt & Weierhof: Hege; Karlsruhe: Schneider, 1913-1967: v. I, 14.
Rauscher, Julius. Württembergische Reformationsgeschichte. Stuttgart: Calwer Vereinsbuch, 1934: 34.
Roth, Friedrich. Beiträge zur bayerische kirchengeschichte 18 (1912): 134.
Württembergische Kirchengeschichte. Stuttgart, 1893: 324.
| Author(s) | Christian Hege |
|---|---|
| Date Published | 1955 |
Cite This Article
MLA style
Hege, Christian. "Aichele, Berthold (16th century)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1955. Web. 9 Nov 2024. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Aichele,_Berthold_(16th_century)&oldid=119111.
APA style
Hege, Christian. (1955). Aichele, Berthold (16th century). Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 9 November 2024, from https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Aichele,_Berthold_(16th_century)&oldid=119111.
Adapted by permission of Herald Press, Harrisonburg, Virginia, from Mennonite Encyclopedia, Vol. 1, p. 27. All rights reserved.
©1996-2024 by the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. All rights reserved.