Philippines - Revision history

SamSteiner at 14:53, 7 April 2021

2021-04-07T14:53:40Z

SamSteiner: /* 2020 Update */ added text

2021-04-07T14:52:18Z

2020 Update: added text

SamSteiner: /* Bibliography */ added item

2021-04-07T14:43:45Z

Bibliography: added item

SamSteiner: /* 2020 Update */

2021-04-07T14:37:17Z

2020 Update

SamSteiner: /* 2020 Update */ deleted four columns

2021-04-07T14:36:26Z

2020 Update: deleted four columns

SamSteiner: updated table and bibliography

2021-04-07T14:35:40Z

updated table and bibliography

RichardThiessen: Text replace - "" to ""

2014-05-23T18:54:54Z

Text replace - "" to ""

← Older revision Revision as of 18:54, 23 May 2014
Line 103: Line 103:

Mennonite World Handbook Supplement. Strasbourg, France, and Lombard, IL: Mennonite World Conference, 1984: 40.

Mennonite World Handbook Supplement. Strasbourg, France, and Lombard, IL: Mennonite World Conference, 1984: 40.

−
Missionary ~~~~Messenger (EMBMC), various articles and letters.
+
Missionary Messenger (EMBMC), various articles and letters.

Wikipedia. "Philippines." Web. 27 October 2010. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines].

Wikipedia. "Philippines." Web. 27 October 2010. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines].

{{GAMEO_footer|hp=Vol. 5, pp. 700-701|date=October 2010|a1_last=Metzler|a1_first=James E|a2_last=Thiessen|a2_first=Richard D.}}

{{GAMEO_footer|hp=Vol. 5, pp. 700-701|date=October 2010|a1_last=Metzler|a1_first=James E|a2_last=Thiessen|a2_first=Richard D.}}

[[Category:Countries]]

[[Category:Countries]]

RichardThiessen: /* 2014 Update */

2014-05-17T07:40:06Z

2014 Update

← Older revision Revision as of 07:40, 17 May 2014
Line 31: Line 31:

{| {{table}}

{| {{table}}

| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Denomination'''

| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Denomination'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations 
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations in 2000'''

−
in 2000'''
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members in 2000'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members 
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations in 2003'''

−
in 2000'''
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members in 2003'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations 
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations in 2006'''

−
in 2003'''
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members in 2006'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members 
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations in 2009'''

−
in 2003'''
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members in 2009'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations 
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations in 2012'''

−
in 2006'''
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members in 2012'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members 

−
in 2006'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations 

−
in 2009'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members 

−
in 2009'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations 

−
in 2012'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members 

−
in 2012'''

|-

|-

|Church of God in Christ, Mennonite

|Church of God in Christ, Mennonite

RichardThiessen: /* 2014 Update */

2014-05-17T07:39:36Z

2014 Update

← Older revision Revision as of 07:39, 17 May 2014
Line 30: Line 30:

<div align="center">

<div align="center">

{| {{table}}

{| {{table}}

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|''' Denomination'''
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Denomination'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|''' Congregations 
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations 

in 2000'''

in 2000'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|''' Members 
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members 

in 2000'''

in 2000'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|''' Congregations 
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations 

in 2003'''

in 2003'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|''' Members 
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members 

in 2003'''

in 2003'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|''' Congregations 
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations 

in 2006'''

in 2006'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|''' Members 
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members 

in 2006'''

in 2006'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|''' Congregations 
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations 

in 2009'''

in 2009'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|''' Members 
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members 

in 2009'''

in 2009'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|''' Congregations 
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations 

in 2012'''

in 2012'''

−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|''' Members 
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members 

in 2012'''

in 2012'''

|-

|-

−
| Church of God in Christ, Mennonite || 2 || 210 || 7 || 187 || 7 || 175 || 7 || 219 || 16 || 196
+
|Church of God in Christ, Mennonite

+
|style="text-align: right;" |2

+
|style="text-align: right;" |210

+
|style="text-align: right;" |7

+
|style="text-align: right;" |187

+
|style="text-align: right;" |7

+
|style="text-align: right;" |175

+
|style="text-align: right;" |7

+
|style="text-align: right;" |219

+
|style="text-align: right;" |16

+
|style="text-align: right;" |196

|-

|-

−
| Integrated Mennonite Churches || 32 || 1,850 || 32 || 2,250 || 34 || 3,500 || 34 || 3,500 || 21 || 701
+
|Integrated Mennonite Churches

+
|style="text-align: right;" |32

+
|style="text-align: right;" |1,850

+
|style="text-align: right;" |32

+
|style="text-align: right;" |2,250

+
|style="text-align: right;" |34

+
|style="text-align: right;" |3,500

+
|style="text-align: right;" |34

+
|style="text-align: right;" |3,500

+
|style="text-align: right;" |21

+
|style="text-align: right;" |701

|-

|-

−
| Nationwide Fellowship Churches |||||~~||||~~| 3 || 60 |||||| 5 || 139
+
|Nationwide Fellowship Churches

+
|

+
|

+
|

+
|

+
|style="text-align: right;" |3

+
|style="text-align: right;" |60

+
|

+
|

+
|style="text-align: right;" |5

+
|style="text-align: right;" |139

|-

|-

−
| Total || 34 || 2,060 || 39 || 2,437 || 41 || 3,675 || 41 || 3,719 || 37 || 897
+
|'''Total'''

+
|style="text-align: right;" |'''34'''

+
|style="text-align: right;" |'''2,060'''

+
|style="text-align: right;" |'''39'''

+
|style="text-align: right;" |'''2,437'''

+
|style="text-align: right;" |'''41'''

+
|style="text-align: right;" |'''3,675'''

+
|style="text-align: right;" |'''41'''

+
|style="text-align: right;" |'''3,719'''

+
|style="text-align: right;" |'''37'''

+
|style="text-align: right;" |'''897'''

|}

|}

</div>

</div>

RichardThiessen at 07:35, 17 May 2014

2014-05-17T07:35:14Z

← Older revision Revision as of 07:35, 17 May 2014
Line 15: Line 15:

Mennonites first began working officially in the Philippines after the country gained independence. By the end of 1946 the [[Mennonite Central Committee (International)|Mennonite Central Committee ]](MCC) had placed 17 workers in [[Relief Work|relief]] assistance to war victims. Their program soon focused on the province of Abra in north-central Luzon, whose capital (Bangued) had been destroyed by bombing. When MCC staff left in 1950, they had established a hospital in Bangued and a high school in the isolated mountain village of Lamau. Both have been operated and expanded by local Christians in the years since then.

Mennonites first began working officially in the Philippines after the country gained independence. By the end of 1946 the [[Mennonite Central Committee (International)|Mennonite Central Committee ]](MCC) had placed 17 workers in [[Relief Work|relief]] assistance to war victims. Their program soon focused on the province of Abra in north-central Luzon, whose capital (Bangued) had been destroyed by bombing. When MCC staff left in 1950, they had established a hospital in Bangued and a high school in the isolated mountain village of Lamau. Both have been operated and expanded by local Christians in the years since then.

−
Twenty years later [[Eastern Mennonite Missions (Lancaster Mennonite Conference)|Eastern Mennonite Board of Missions and Charities]] [[[Mennonite Church (MC)|Mennonite Church]] (EMBMC) responded to an invitation of a small independent group by transferring a family from their Vietnam staff. Mennonite Ministries was based in Quezon City with the objective of working in supportive roles to assist Filipino church groups. By 1972 substantial relationships had been formed with Missions Now, Inc. Through the years 1970-1987 EMBMC maintained a small staff to assist in leadership training through a Bible school opened in Lumban, and in economic development which has included some [[Mennonite Economic Development Associates (MEDA)|Mennonite Economic Development Associates]] (MEDA), MCC, and [[Ten Thousand Villages|Ten Thousand Villages]] projects.
+
Twenty years later [[Eastern Mennonite Missions (Lancaster Mennonite Conference)|Eastern Mennonite Board of Missions and Charities]] [[Mennonite Church (MC)|Mennonite Church]] (EMBMC) responded to an invitation of a small independent group by transferring a family from their Vietnam staff. Mennonite Ministries was based in Quezon City with the objective of working in supportive roles to assist Filipino church groups. By 1972 substantial relationships had been formed with Missions Now, Inc. Through the years 1970-1987 EMBMC maintained a small staff to assist in leadership training through a Bible school opened in Lumban, and in economic development which has included some [[Mennonite Economic Development Associates (MEDA)|Mennonite Economic Development Associates]] (MEDA), MCC, and [[Ten Thousand Villages|Ten Thousand Villages]] projects.

After visits by MCC leaders in 1975-1976, a decision was made to open a new work in the Philippines. This action responded to requests for personnel; it also allowed MCC to build on the leanings from [[Vietnam|Vietnam ]]with a program shaped around peacemaking and justice concerns. In the years 1977-1987 a select team of experienced workers engaged in community and agricultural development, research, and writing. Their goal was to articulate and live out a theology of the cross in the midst of economic inequities and injustice.

After visits by MCC leaders in 1975-1976, a decision was made to open a new work in the Philippines. This action responded to requests for personnel; it also allowed MCC to build on the leanings from [[Vietnam|Vietnam ]]with a program shaped around peacemaking and justice concerns. In the years 1977-1987 a select team of experienced workers engaged in community and agricultural development, research, and writing. Their goal was to articulate and live out a theology of the cross in the midst of economic inequities and injustice.

@@ Line 102: / Line 102: @@
 Wikipedia. "Philippines." Web. 27 October 2010. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines.
-{{GAMEO_footer|hp=Vol. 5, pp. 700-701|date=April 2021|a1_last=Metzler|a1_first=James E|a2_last=Thiessen|a2_first=Richard D.}}
+{{GAMEO_footer|hp=Vol. 5, pp. 700-701|date=April 2021|a1_last=Metzler|a1_first=James E|a2_last=Mondez-Sumatra|a2_first=Regina Lyn}}
 [[Category:Countries]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:52, 7 April 2021
Line 26:		Line 26:

	== 2020 Update ==		== 2020 Update ==
		+	The Integrated Mennonite Churches (IMC) still conducted an annual general conference where all the leaders and members gather to fellowship and learn more about peace theology, Anabaptism and how to deal with challenges at the local and national level. Due to geographical and financial challenges, however, around 20 percent of the total membership has been able to attend the annual conference. Only those who are in close proximity to the venue of the gathering can usually come because of the cost of traveling.
		+
		+	The IMC youth gathered every year for a youth camp, where young leaders encouraged and strengthened each other. It was also an avenue to invite young people to come to know Jesus and have a relationship with him. Youth camps re-energized young people to serve in their local churches and be active in fellowship and witness.
		+
		+	Aside from the IMC, there were other Mennonite denominations present in the Philippines, such as the Conservative groups from the [[Nationwide Fellowship Churches]]. There was also a Mennonite Brethren mission in the north. The Peace Church Network was planted by [[Mennonite Church Canada]] and established in Metro Manila, the capital of the country.
		+
	In 2020 the following Anabaptist denominations were located in the Philippines:		In 2020 the following Anabaptist denominations were located in the Philippines:

@@ Line 92: / Line 92: @@
 ''Missionary Messenger ''(EMBMC), various articles and letters.
 Wikipedia. "Philippines." Web. 27 October 2010. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines.
 {{GAMEO_footer|hp=Vol. 5, pp. 700-701|date=April 2021|a1_last=Metzler|a1_first=James E|a2_last=Thiessen|a2_first=Richard D.}}
 [[Category:Countries]]

@@ Line 37: / Line 37: @@
 ! Members<br />in 2020
 |-
-| align= "left" | Church of God in Christ, Mennonite
+| align= "left" | [[Church of God in Christ, Mennonite (CGC)|Church of God in Christ, Mennonite]]
 | 2
 | 210
@@ Line 61: / Line 61: @@
 | 400
 |-
-| align= "left" | Nationwide Fellowship Churches
+| align= "left" | [[Nationwide Fellowship Churches]]
+|
+|

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 Twenty years later [[Eastern Mennonite Missions (Lancaster Mennonite Conference)|Eastern Mennonite Board of Missions and Charities]] [[Mennonite Church (MC)|Mennonite Church]] (EMBMC) responded to an invitation of a small independent group by transferring a family from their Vietnam staff. Mennonite Ministries was based in Quezon City with the objective of working in supportive roles to assist Filipino church groups. By 1972 substantial relationships had been formed with Missions Now, Inc. Through the years 1970-1987 EMBMC maintained a small staff to assist in leadership training through a Bible school opened in Lumban, and in economic development which has included some [[Mennonite Economic Development Associates (MEDA)|Mennonite Economic Development Associates]] (MEDA), MCC, and [[Ten Thousand Villages|Ten Thousand Villages]] projects.
-After visits by MCC leaders in 1975-1976, a decision was made to open a new work in the Philippines. This action responded to requests for personnel; it also allowed MCC to build on the leanings from [[Vietnam|Vietnam ]]with a program shaped around peacemaking and justice concerns. In the years 1977-1987 a select team of experienced workers engaged in community and agricultural development, research, and writing. Their goal was to articulate and live out a theology of the cross in the midst of economic inequities and injustice.
+After visits by MCC leaders in 1975-1976, a decision was made to open a new work in the Philippines. This action responded to requests for personnel; it also allowed MCC to build on the leanings from [[Vietnam ]]with a program shaped around peacemaking and justice concerns. In the years 1977-1987 a select team of experienced workers engaged in community and agricultural development, research, and writing. Their goal was to articulate and live out a theology of the cross in the midst of economic inequities and injustice.
 This time the major effort was geared to the conflict with the Muslim populations in the southern island of Mindanao. From their basic stance of a ministry of presence, which emphasized a listening and reconciling role among oppressed peoples, the MCC staff worked with and channeled small amounts of resources through various Filipino groups with similar concerns. Other smaller programs related to political detainees and their families and to the "hospitality women" (prostitutes) who lived near the huge [[United States of America|United States]] military bases.
@@ Line 32: / Line 32: @@
 ! Congregations<br />in 200
 ! Members<br />in 2000
 ! Congregations<br />in 2009
 ! Members<br />in 2009
@@ Line 44: / Line 40: @@
 | 2
 | 210
 | 7
 | 219
@@ Line 56: / Line 48: @@
 | 32
 | 1,850
 | 34
 | 3,500
@@ Line 67: / Line 55: @@
 | align= "left" | Kalipunan ng Kapatirang Mennonita ng Pilipinas Inc.<br />(Mennonite Brethren Conference of the Philippines)
+|
+|
+|
@@ Line 80: / Line 64: @@
+|
+|
+|
+|
@@ Line 92: / Line 72: @@
 | '''34'''
 | '''2,060'''
 | '''41'''
 | '''3,719'''

@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 In 1985 MCC reported having an ideal level of 10 persons for its program in the Philippines. The staff continued to be firmly committed to the way of nonviolent love in the midst of an increasingly polarized and bloody conflict. A significant part of the ministry was seen in the witness MCC workers and their Filipino co-workers were giving across [[North America|North America]] through writing, speaking tours, and contacts with political leaders.
-The approach taken in their work has had its problems. Not all supporters and church leaders in North America have understood or affirmed the stance of the team. And working <em>with </em>the people rather than <em>for </em>them could be quite frustrating, with results that were more difficult to measure or report. Yet the dramatic rise of "People Power," enabling the nonviolent replacement of the Marcos government with that of Corazon Aquino in 1986, suggested that MCC's objective has been well-tailored for the situation.
+The approach taken in their work has had its problems. Not all supporters and church leaders in North America have understood or affirmed the stance of the team. And working ''with ''the people rather than ''for ''them could be quite frustrating, with results that were more difficult to measure or report. Yet the dramatic rise of "People Power," enabling the nonviolent replacement of the Marcos government with that of Corazon Aquino in 1986, suggested that MCC's objective has been well-tailored for the situation.
-== 2014 Update ==
+== 2020 Update ==
-In 2012 the following Anabaptist denominations were located in the Philippines:
+In 2020 the following Anabaptist denominations were located in the Philippines:
-<div align="center">
+{| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; text-align:right"
-{| {{table}}
+! Denomination'''
-| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Denomination'''
+! Congregations<br />in 200
-| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations<br />in 2000'''
+! Members<br />in 2000
-| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members<br />in 2000'''
+! Congregations<br />in 2003
-| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations<br />in 2003'''
+! Members<br />in 2003
-| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members<br />in 2003'''
+! Congregations<br />in 2006
-| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations<br />in 2006'''
+! Members<br />in 2006
-| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members<br />in 2006'''
+! Congregations<br />in 2009
-| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations<br />in 2009'''
+! Members<br />in 2009
-| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Members<br />in 2009'''
+! Congregations<br />in 2020
-| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congregations<br />in 2012'''
+! Members<br />in 2020
 |-
-|Church of God in Christ, Mennonite
+| align= "left" | Church of God in Christ, Mennonite
-|style="text-align: right;" |2
+| 2
-|style="text-align: right;" |210
+| 210
-|style="text-align: right;" |7
+| 7
-|style="text-align: right;" |187
+| 187
-|style="text-align: right;" |7
+| 7
-|style="text-align: right;" |175
+| 175
-|style="text-align: right;" |7
+| 7
-|style="text-align: right;" |219
+| 219
-|style="text-align: right;" |16
+| 19
-|style="text-align: right;" |196
+| 169
 |-
-|Integrated Mennonite Churches
+| align= "left" | Integrated Mennonite Churches
-|style="text-align: right;" |32
+| 32
-|style="text-align: right;" |1,850
+| 1,850
-|style="text-align: right;" |32
+| 32
-|style="text-align: right;" |2,250
+| 2,250
-|style="text-align: right;" |34
+| 34
-|style="text-align: right;" |3,500
+| 3,500
-|style="text-align: right;" |34
+| 34
-|style="text-align: right;" |3,500
+| 3,500
-|style="text-align: right;" |21
+| 23
-|style="text-align: right;" |701
+| 1,000
 |-
-|Nationwide Fellowship Churches
+| align= "left" | Kalipunan ng Kapatirang Mennonita ng Pilipinas Inc.<br />(Mennonite Brethren Conference of the Philippines)
+|
+|
+|
+|
-|style="text-align: right;" |3
+|
+|
-|style="text-align: right;" |5
-|style="text-align: right;" |139
+| 7
 |-
-|'''Total'''
+| align= "left" | Nationwide Fellowship Churches
-|style="text-align: right;" |'''34'''
-|style="text-align: right;" |'''2,060'''
-|style="text-align: right;" |'''39'''
-|style="text-align: right;" |'''2,437'''
-|style="text-align: right;" |'''41'''
+| 3
-|style="text-align: right;" |'''3,675'''
+| 60
-|style="text-align: right;" |'''41'''
-|style="text-align: right;" |'''3,719'''
-|style="text-align: right;" |'''37'''
+| 6
-|style="text-align: right;" |'''897'''
+| 102
 |}
 = Bibliography =
 Beechy, Winifred Nelson. "Review of Mennonite Central Committee Work in the Philippines," unpublished paper, May 1986.
-Kraybill, Paul N., ed. <em class="gameo_bibliography">Mennonite World Handbook</em>. Lombard, IL: Mennonite World Conference, 1978: 178-182.
+Kraybill, Paul N., ed. ''Mennonite World Handbook''. Lombard, IL: Mennonite World Conference, 1978: 178-182.
-Mennonite Central Committee staff. <em class="gameo_bibliography">Spirit in Struggle. </em>MCC, 1985.
+Mennonite World Conference. "Global Map: Philippines." Mennonite World Conference. Web. 7 April 2021. https://mwc-cmm.org/global-map.
-Mennonite World Conference. "Mennonite and Brethren in Christ Churches Worldwide, 2009: Asia &amp; Pacific." 2010. Web. 27 October 2010.  <span class="link-external">[http://www.mwc-cmm.org/en15/files/Members%202009/Asia%20&amp;%20Pacific%20Summary.doc http://www.mwc-cmm.org/en15/files/Members 2009/Asia &amp; Pacific Summary.doc]</span>.
+Mennonite World Conference. "Mennonite and Brethren in Christ Churches Worldwide, 2009: Asia &amp; Pacific." 2010. Web. 27 October 2010. [broken link].
-<em class="gameo_bibliography">Mennonite World Handbook Supplement</em>. Strasbourg, France, and Lombard, IL: Mennonite World Conference, 1984: 40.
+''Mennonite World Handbook Supplement''. Strasbourg, France, and Lombard, IL: Mennonite World Conference, 1984: 40.
-<em class="gameo_bibliography">Missionary Messenger </em>(EMBMC), various articles and letters.
+''Missionary Messenger ''(EMBMC), various articles and letters.
-Wikipedia. "Philippines." Web. 27 October 2010. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines].
+Wikipedia. "Philippines." Web. 27 October 2010. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines.
-{{GAMEO_footer|hp=Vol. 5, pp. 700-701|date=October 2010|a1_last=Metzler|a1_first=James E|a2_last=Thiessen|a2_first=Richard D.}}
+{{GAMEO_footer|hp=Vol. 5, pp. 700-701|date=April 2021|a1_last=Metzler|a1_first=James E|a2_last=Thiessen|a2_first=Richard D.}}
 [[Category:Countries]]

@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 Mennonites first began working officially in the Philippines after the country gained independence. By the end of 1946 the [[Mennonite Central Committee (International)|Mennonite Central Committee ]](MCC) had placed 17 workers in [[Relief Work|relief]] assistance to war victims. Their program soon focused on the province of Abra in north-central Luzon, whose capital (Bangued) had been destroyed by bombing. When MCC staff left in 1950, they had established a hospital in Bangued and a high school in the isolated mountain village of Lamau. Both have been operated and expanded by local Christians in the years since then.
-Twenty years later [[Eastern Mennonite Missions (Lancaster Mennonite Conference)|Eastern Mennonite Board of Missions and Charities]] [[[Mennonite Church (MC)|Mennonite Church]] (EMBMC) responded to an invitation of a small independent group by transferring a family from their Vietnam staff. Mennonite Ministries was based in Quezon City with the objective of working in supportive roles to assist Filipino church groups. By 1972 substantial relationships had been formed with Missions Now, Inc. Through the years 1970-1987 EMBMC maintained a small staff to assist in leadership training through a Bible school opened in Lumban, and in economic development which has included some [[Mennonite Economic Development Associates (MEDA)|Mennonite Economic Development Associates]] (MEDA), MCC, and [[Ten Thousand Villages|Ten Thousand Villages]] projects.
+Twenty years later [[Eastern Mennonite Missions (Lancaster Mennonite Conference)|Eastern Mennonite Board of Missions and Charities]] [[Mennonite Church (MC)|Mennonite Church]] (EMBMC) responded to an invitation of a small independent group by transferring a family from their Vietnam staff. Mennonite Ministries was based in Quezon City with the objective of working in supportive roles to assist Filipino church groups. By 1972 substantial relationships had been formed with Missions Now, Inc. Through the years 1970-1987 EMBMC maintained a small staff to assist in leadership training through a Bible school opened in Lumban, and in economic development which has included some [[Mennonite Economic Development Associates (MEDA)|Mennonite Economic Development Associates]] (MEDA), MCC, and [[Ten Thousand Villages|Ten Thousand Villages]] projects.
 After visits by MCC leaders in 1975-1976, a decision was made to open a new work in the Philippines. This action responded to requests for personnel; it also allowed MCC to build on the leanings from [[Vietnam|Vietnam ]]with a program shaped around peacemaking and justice concerns. In the years 1977-1987 a select team of experienced workers engaged in community and agricultural development, research, and writing. Their goal was to articulate and live out a theology of the cross in the midst of economic inequities and injustice.